Dynamical evolution of high area-to-mass ratio debris released into GPS orbits

A large set of simulations, including all the relevant perturbations, was carried out to investigate the long-term dynamical evolution of fictitious high area-to-mass ratio (A/M) objects released, with a negligible velocity variation, in each of the six orbital planes used by Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites. As with similar objects discovered in near synchronous trajectories, long lifetime orbits, with mean motions of about 2 revolutions per day, were found possible for debris characterized by extremely high area-to-mass ratios. Often the lifetime exceeds 100 years up to A/M ∼ 45 m²/kg, decreasing rapidly to a few months above such a threshold. However, the details of the evolution, which are conditioned by the complex interplay of solar radiation pressure and geopotential plus luni-solar resonances, depend on the initial conditions. Different behaviors are thus possible. In any case, objects like those discovered in synchronous orbits, with A/M as high as 20–40 m²/kg, could also survive in this orbital regime, with semi-major axes close to the semi-synchronous values, with maximum eccentricities between 0.3 and 0.7, and with significant orbit pole precessions (faster and wider for increasing values of A/M), leading to inclinations between 30° and more than 90°.     

Cosmic ray studies at Moussala – Past,present and future

We review the main activities carried out at Moussala peak (2925 m above sea level, 42°11′N, 23°35′E) station in Bulgaria, connected with cosmic ray investigations during the last five decades. Several important results obtained at the station are reported. The detector design and corresponding methodological studies of the presently operational devices are shown as well, precisely the Cherenkov light telescope, lead free neutron monitor and muon telescope. The scientific potential of the existing complex is discussed.     

Investigation of natural and artificial stimulation of the ionospheric Alfvén resonator at high latitude

A brief review is provided of recent progress in understanding the ionospheric Alfvén resonator (IAR) at high latitude. Firstly, naturally occurring resonances of the IAR as detected by pulsation magnetometers in the auroral zone at Sodankylä and in the polar cap at Barentsburg are considered. The characteristics of the IAR in the two regions are broadly similar, although the effects of solar illumination are less clear at the higher latitudes. Secondly we review recent attempts to stimulate the IAR through high-power radio frequency experiments both in the auroral zone at Tromsø with the European Incoherent SCATter (EISCAT) heater, and within the polar cap at Longyearbyen with the Space Plasma Exploration by Active Radar (SPEAR) facility. In the auroral zone at, Tromsø the stimulated IAR has been observed by ground-based magnetometers, and through electron acceleration observed on the FAST spacecraft. At SPEAR in the polar cap, the stimulated IAR has been investigated, with ground magnetometers, with the first results indicative of a positive detection.     

如何实现学生从中学物理到大学物理学习的转变

实现学生从中学物理学习到大学物理学习转变的关键是借助高等数学所揭示的数学方法的思想内涵 ,建立起从中学物理的不变到大学物理中变、从宏观到微观、从近似到精确这样一种贯穿于物理学始终的辩证唯物主义物理观。     

高值电阻国际比对的方法研究

介绍了参加亚太实验室认可合作组织(APLAC)开展的高阻1 MΩ;10 MΩ实验间比对的方法,对一种用参考电压测量高阻的方法进行了描述,解决了其中的技术问题,对测量不确定度进行了分析,其结果为测量1MΩ的合成标准不确定度为3.10-6,测量10 MΩ的合成标准不确定度为5.10-6,APLAC公布的比对中期报告证明了该方法的可靠性。     

高密度栅测应变

将高密度光栅应用于力学参量的测量中。通过测得试件变形前后正交光栅衍射点阵的偏移移量，可逐点得到试件因载荷作用而引起的面内应变、离面位移和刚体传动分量。     

硝基立方烷及其氮杂衍生物的能量特性计算研究

硝基立方烷及其氮杂衍生物是高能量密度材料的重要目标化合物类型之一。据此详细计算分析了硝基立方烷（从二硝基到八硝基立方烷）和四硝基四氮的杂立方烷分别在产单元推进剂，ＨＴＰＢ／Ａｌ，ＰＥＧ／ＮＧ／Ａｌ，ＧＡＰ／ＮＧ／Ａｌ体系中的能量特性。结果表明，硝基取代数大于４的立方烷和四硝基四氮杂立方烷的能量特性明显优于ＨＭＸ。     

长配管、高落差空调系统的计算机仿真与试验研究

空调系统在长配管、高落差情况下其运行性能和可靠性会受到影响。建立数学模型预测长配管、高落差空调系统的性能，可以提供给用户准确的性能资料，指导用户合理安装空调器，提高产品的可靠性。     

凝胶点官能度是重均官能度,还是数均官能度

Flory和Stockmayer等的凝胶化理论用重均官能度表示凝胶点或凝胶生成的临界条件,虽已有50多年的历史,并为各国学者所公认,但从分析凝胶点定义的物理意义出发,只要用简单的数学分析,即可证明用重均官能度而不用数均官能度表示凝胶点,与反应程度定义的物理意义和Flory的两个基本假设不符。凝胶化理论新概念用数均官能度表示凝胶点,则不存在不符的问题。     

强海杂波背景下目标检测方法综述

高频地波雷达被广泛应用于海面目标的检测,而由于海杂波的分布散射具有很强的动态特性,通常情况下成为了海面目标检测的主要干扰成分.因此,在强海杂波背景下进行目标检测的关键在于如何有效抑制海杂波.从循环对消、子空间分解、模型预测以及分形特征这几方面对海杂波抑制技术进行综述、分析和总结,为后续对海面目标检测提供参考.